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This is a pain in the ass... Cannoli Send a noteboard - 11/05/2011 10:31:09 PM
I bought this book recently as part of my ongoing interest in the way the Second World War was essentially a continuation of the First World War and was not disappointed. While this review may not be as formal or long as some others, I did want to post a note about it so that others could decide if they were interested in it.

Taylor's book apparently caused a sensation when it came out in 1961 because it destroyed the "party line" that had been established in the world about Hitler and his role in starting the Second World War. Taylor doesn't argue that Hitler was somehow not a terrible person or a butcher.


Every single thing you read on this topic, if it is not directly dealing with the Nazis-as-villains plot, feels compelled to waste pages of formulaic genuflections to an idea so universally agreed-upon, you would think it goes without saying: Namely, the fact of Hitler's moral shortcomings. And you can't really blame them, because of a corollary to Godwin's Law: that if you give Hitler the slightest credit for anything, you are automatically condoning, if not actually approving of the Holocaust. It was ONE thing he did, in a far more eventful career, and I personally have seen little evidence of his direct involvement (if not ultimate moral responsibility), as opposed to his very-much-hands-on direction of the diplomatic maneuverings and military strategy.
But heaven forbid anyone try to suggest that he had a little bit more on the ball in those latter areas than is generally supposed.
In fact, there is a lot to suggest he was vastly the superior of his contemporary significant heads of state in these spheres of activity, and that many of his decisions in those regard were not only rational and reasonable choices, but morally defensible as well. But we've got to acknowledge the Holocaust, which really, Hitler only gets infamy for because he had the werewithal to carry it out. Others in past times lacked his body count or efficiency simply because they lacked the means to achieve it (and possibly his ability to filter it through a bureaucracy and thus never need the perverse fortitude required to murder so many). Might as well call Genghis Khan a slug and a dawdler on the order of Montgomery because he moved his armies a lot slower than George Bush did in attacking Southern Asia. 8}

However, he argues, very compellingly, that Hitler did not have a coherent plan and in every crisis reacted to situations (as opposed to initiating them).
Indeed. His pace & scope of military procurement and technical development hardly suggest a man planning a military conquest of the world.

The Austrian crisis started when the British suggested that a revision of Germany's eastern borders was "natural", thus giving Hitler a green light for annexation before he had any concrete plans of his own. The final Anschluss was triggered by Schuschnigg's decision to call a surprise plebiscite on union with Germany as a desperate attempt to assert independence, knowing full well that France, Britain and even Italy (then Austria's "protector" ) were not willing to support him if it came to war.

The Czech crisis showed a combination of Hitler's opportunism and a disgusting abdication by France and Britain of any attempt at standing up for the principles that they professed. Taylor sees Munich as the defining moment in the pre-war years, but not for the reasons that Western politicians gave after the war. Munich, to Taylor's mind, convinced Hitler that the West would not go to war over any eastern "border revisions" of any sort, while it convinced Beck, the dictator of Poland, that any concessions to Hitler would result in complete capitulation (thus setting both sides up for a complete impasse over Danzig and the Corridor). When Hitler "broke" his promise by occupying the remainder of the Czech lands when Slovakia declared independence, although he may have been "reacting" yet again to forestall a Hungarian occupation of Slovakia, public opinion in the UK hardened against Hitler such that His Majesty's government was trapped by poorly-worded guarantees that they had made to the Poles (on behalf of themselves and the French, who were not happy at all to be bound in this manner).

There are certainly some visible flaws to the book. First, Taylor is a rampant apologist for Stalin. The notion that the Soviets were playing a duplicitous game with the West is tentatively expressed in a few places, only to be shot down by the author summarily and with no real evidence (in his defense, it should be noted that he had no access to Soviet archives that are now open). Second, Taylor somewhat underplays the Nazi ambitions and assumes that if there is no order from Hitler directing Nazis in Austria or the Sudetenland, it meant nothing was being orchestrated from Germany in the realm of agitation and troublemaking. Finally, he goes a bit too far in overplaying France's cowardice (some might prefer the term "pacifism" but I do not) and indecision.
Regarding these weaknesses, I strongly recommend Patrick Buchannan's "Churchill, Hitler & the Unnecessary War" and John Mosier's "Deathride". The former, while primarily an attack on the cult of Churchill, gets extensively into the causes and scenarios which led up to both World Wars, in particular the mindset and rationales behind the British, French & German actions. Though not particularly explored in this work, the author's long-standing conception of the two conflicts is as two halves of a single war, which he refers to as "The European Civil War". (Fun fact: my sister-in-law was reading it while pregnant and started crying over the Kaiser and how Buchanan exposes the falsity of his historical portrayal as a war-monger and a brute) While largely refraining from moral judgment, he shows the crises of Munich & Poland as cases where the decisions that have since been so reviled in each case, and blamed for the war, were actually made out of rather accurate perceptions of reality.

Mosier's work, while dealing more with the military side of things, and focusing almost exclusively on the conflict between the USSR & Germany addresses the issue of the Soviet Union's deceptions toward the west, though in "Deathride", he thoroughly explores this Soviet proclivity for deceit in order to make the case that this propensity is responsible for over a half-century of misconceptions of the Soviet-German conflict. He suggests that the pro-Soviet biases of many western historians (or even when not actively favoring the USSR, tending to accept Soviet figures and data at face value), as well as the misinterpretation of the relevance of certain basic facts (i.e. the larger population & geographical area of the USSR, the after-the-fact claims of the German generals of Hitler's incompetence dooming them, the unarguable defeat of Germany & occupation of the capital by Soviet troops) leads to the false conclusion that the Soviet Union was primarily responsible for the defeat of Germany. In fact, Mosier contends that Germany repeatedly had the USSR on the ropes, that many events characterized as German defeats had other explanations, but the Soviet Union has been allowed to sell these logistical halts or re-prioritization of objectives (in other words, German command decisions) as combat defeats thanks to their near-monopoly on the history of the war. In fact, the Soviet Union was Hitler's best ally while that arrangement lasted and perversely, the one he treated the worst (he stuck by Italy to an insane degree, and his declaration of war on the USA, solely to give moral support to his ally Japan, was, if Mosier is to be believed, the main cause of his undoing), but somehow, Poland's co-rapist managed to claim not only the honors as the slayer of the Nazi beast, but the lion's share of the spoils as well.

On balance, however, the book is a fascinating analysis of the events that led to World War II, with the majority of the book discussing the years after Hitler came to power but a good 50 pages about the 1920s as well. It is interesting to see how expectations changed (Italy was seen as an ally up through the mid 1930s despite Mussolini's dictatorship, Britain expected a joint German-Polish invasion of the Soviet Union just before the German-Polish split) and alliances shifted.
Buchanan goes into those issues as well, and demonstrates how some poor decision-making, possibly based on outdated foreign policies, led to England driving Mussolini into Hitler's arms over the Abyssinia crisis.
Cannoli
"Sometimes unhinged, sometimes unfair, always entertaining"
- The Crownless

“Tolerance is the virtue of the man without convictions.” GK Chesteron
Deus Vult!
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A.J.P. Taylor, The Origins of the Second World War - 11/05/2011 04:55:49 PM 1125 Views
I know of the book, but haven't read it yet. - 11/05/2011 05:00:07 PM 555 Views
I'd be interested to hear what you think if you do *NM* - 11/05/2011 08:04:11 PM 266 Views
Interesting - I'm about two thirds of the way through it at the moment - 11/05/2011 05:18:36 PM 608 Views
"Great minds think alike" or "Fools seldom differ"? - 11/05/2011 08:03:52 PM 622 Views
I am sure they can be amalgamated (is that a word?) - 11/05/2011 08:24:35 PM 576 Views
I always fear the latter - 12/05/2011 12:12:29 AM 627 Views
Ah, this reminds me of the old jokes - 12/05/2011 04:58:07 AM 615 Views
Italian army rifle for sale... - 12/05/2011 10:22:50 AM 681 Views
I was forced a few years back in a discussion on wotmania to look into Italy in WW1. - 12/05/2011 10:20:29 PM 811 Views
I chose a few years back to look into Italy in WW1. - 12/05/2011 11:47:06 PM 766 Views
Is it an academic work? - 11/05/2011 05:23:11 PM 580 Views
I would call it "popular academia" - 11/05/2011 08:01:06 PM 568 Views
Very good. - 11/05/2011 08:51:41 PM 676 Views
Sounds interesting. - 11/05/2011 10:17:39 PM 804 Views
Your list of books to read is pretty good. - 11/05/2011 11:21:07 PM 588 Views
This is a pain in the ass... - 11/05/2011 10:31:09 PM 807 Views
I've heard Pat Buchanan talking about his book and wondered about it - 11/05/2011 11:16:03 PM 723 Views
Re: I've heard Pat Buchanan talking about his book and wondered about it - 12/05/2011 12:47:50 PM 730 Views
I miss having these sorts of discussions - 12/05/2011 03:34:07 PM 739 Views

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