Some of the Orthodox Churches--most notably the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia and other traditionalist Orthodox Churches--consider Ecumenism heresy, although ROCOR has recently become a bit more liberal about it (a very, very little bit). In Orthodoxy, ecumenism is absolute heresy, unless it is for the purpose of illuminating the non-Orthodox. Roman Catholicism was also much the same until the 1960's. However, the Roman catechism makes clear that while other believers in Christ might be considered imperfect members of the mystical body of Christ, the body of Christ (the Church, Christ's Bride), the Church subsists in the [Roman] Catholic Church. Pope Benedict XVI considers the Eastern Orthodox Churches to be genuine Churches in imperfect communion, while other Christians are simply communities of faith in much more imperfect communion. Strictly speaking, the Roman Church does not practice ecumenism, though it has established dialog with others. But among the Orthodox, there are camps with differing views, from strict traditionalists to more modern liberals. The Russians (excepting the Moscow Patriarchate) usually take a much more traditional view on the matter.