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I was referring to the Wikipedia article I linked. Joel Send a noteboard - 01/06/2012 03:34:11 AM
Bearing in mind that Wikipedia is not 100% reliable (though it tends to be fairly close on non-controversial well documented matters.)
That predates Plymouth Rock by nearly 40 years (and all English settlement in the Americas by about 20.)

I'm not sure I get your 1580 reference. If you mean to imply the origins of Thanksgiving aren't in North America, we're saying the same thing, or at least the one social history book I have which covers this says so, that the tradition for communities to hold thanksgivings for reapings and other occasions came from regions of England, then entered New France through British Loyalists who fled the US. That kind of suggests the tradition wasn't one associated to Puritans, which could explain why it took time to emerge in the US devoid of any royalist connotation (but I'm really doing what I shouldn't do... speculation without going back to historical sources). Details about the English origins are no more precise than this in my source alas, it's a social history of New France/Lower Canada/Québec. The fact it's associated to the protestant royalists (it's their communities who celebrated it in the Lower Canada days, not the Canadians - a term which at the time still referred only to the French) explains why here it's never been an important holiday and still isn't (if it wasn't federal, we wouldn't have it). I know of a French tradition of thanksgiving, but it's really different as those feastdays were proclaimed by the King for specific events/reasons, and came with a special church celebration (Te Deum).

The article I linked quotes "The Three Voyages of Martin Frobisher" describing (from eye witness accounts) a thanksgiving celebration in Canada in 1578, well before any Englishmen in what is now the US were celebrating thankgiving or doing anything else, since none arrived there until about 30 years later. Wikipedia does not provide the page number, but Google Books maintains a redacted online version here:

http://books.google.no/books?id=3F9MJjZN638C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Three+voyages+of+martin+frobisher&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false

I suppose that is logical enough; America does not get that out though: It is hard to imagine Washington, local officeholders who preceded him, and presidents who have succeeded him since all being vain enough to declare by statute that the public should thank THEM, personally, for our relative good fortune.

Indeed. Québécois (if you allow me the anachronistic denomination) were never too keen royalists either. At first, the people of French descent could not even hold an office without officially forsaking Catholicism (and this even if the population was almost exclusively catholic). It's only thanks indirectly to the US the Crown relented as they were afraid the catholics would rebel and join the USA. Another measure was to grant the two parts of Canada a parliament-for-show (all the executive power and money remained with the British Governor who was part of the merchant oligarchy and served only their interests...), which eventually lead to the Rebellions and the attempt to establish a republic with a constitution on the American model (but even more progressive). It failed for various reasons - the sheer numbers of soldiers the British had here for one, the betrayal of the catholic High Clergy who sided with the King, to the Crown managing to pressure Van Muren into lifting the permission the US had granted our rebel armies like to use their territory as sanctuary and to prepare the invasion.

In any case, the High Clergy always played a complex game, inciting the people into submission to the King on the one hand while working underhand to keep us well away from the Protestants and anything protestant (and thus, in the countryside and poor). By 1957, things had changed a lot, though. The High Clergy was now behind the catholic and reactionary provincial government and against the more liberal protestant Federal one. Thanksgiving was thus for us only a federal holiday (it must be very different in other parts of Canada). The Church favorized the emergence of a very conservative French elite it educated itself, and though it still disapproved of the too liberal (how perceptions change!) American catholic bishops, Communism was then seen as the far more dangerous common enemy (same as in America) and we started to tend more and more toward American values. A generation later a deep social movement made it swing back to social-democrat values and secularism, throwing surprisingly fast the CC out of public life and politics, out of the school system, out of hospitals. This system they put in place got eroded more and more, neoliberalism has more or less imposed its views and reforms but... well, we'll see. The socio-economic center-left (not much center by American standards, not much left by European ones) has been largely asleep since the late 80s, but for 15 weeks or so we've been thrown into what has started as a student strike and has turned into a much wider and fast evolving social crisis, but it's a mess that feeds on so many things at once it's near impossible to step back and figure out what's the real picture and where's it's truly going. It's a big mix of watching the problems elsewhere where higher education fees have skyrocketed, to the social movements in Spain, Greece's problems, a few elements of inspiration from the Arab Spring (mostly social medias's role - no one here is deluded that our situation is anywhere comparable to the Arab countries, the ill-coined name of Maple Spring notwhistanding), Occupy ideas, general disgruntlement with a very exhausted neoliberal governement reaching 70% of dissatisfaction, disgruntlement with the federal Conservatives, a huge frustration with insanely high taxes and a huge debt while our services are cut left and right each year while the governement keep selling our massive natural resources (worth far more than the debt) to private interests for ridiculous prices, and a new law, repressive for sure, meant to put an end to the student strike - but perhaps inconstitutional (let's say it sure put a toe on civil rights, but hardly a whole foot or even close. Similar laws exist in several American cities, but the big difference is that those laws were never implemented there to change the rules in the middle of a social crisis, thus the perception of an attack on freedom of opinion/association). Far from quieting things down, that law rather widened overnight the student conflict to the general population, and in a rather timid way, it's starting to cause ripples in the Canadian left. It's really weird everything that feeds the crisis (or emerge from it), even US-centric issues that have had little or only indirect effects here, for instance people bring up the banks' bail-outs, the millions of Americans who lost their homes, the bad healthcare reform etc. Lots of quotes of JFK floating around lately. Tonight hundreds of lawyers (the Bar is rather conservative) are planning to leave the Montréal's criminal court in full regalia to walk to join the equivalent of your Occupy (more or less) in (legal, about the only legal one happening lately!) protest of the special Law they deem arbitratry and inconstitutional - nothing like that ever happened before. Cops don't join, their deontology code forbids it, but so far they don't apply the law either. They've been tons of arrests, but they skirt around the issue using criminal or city laws instead. In fact, after they mass arrested 500 people one night and the next night the protests had doubled in attendance, they now make only targeted arrests, 1 to 5 max a night.

It's really fascinating to observe all this anyway (I guess given a previous exchange about SOPA, you wouldn't agree "fascinating" is the word: Anonymous has openly joined the side of the protesters and shuts down government, police, city websites one after another. Websites only, for now. Having Anynomous videos all over the media is kind of surreal, the fact they are cheered perhaps even more).

It sounds like you are saying the federal Thanksgiving holiday was more at odds with the predominant church within Quebec, which stands to reason, but that does not make its establishment of an overtly religious holiday any less so. At most, it could be called a case of (pre-existing) religious schism, and a federal religious holiday whose religious aspects most of one provinces populace rejected as the product of a different religion. That does not make it any less religious, just as Christmas is no less Christian just because many non-Christians exchange gifts and spend time with their family while completely ignoring the holidays inherently religious aspects. It simply means some participate solely in the non-religious aspects of what remains first and foremost a religious holiday.

SO, OK then, three (though I suspect it still depends on whom you ask) with two of them being either/or in many cases.

Through Canada, almost certainly, in Québec no, because the church never co-opted that one.

It sounds more like the church never adopted it, to be expected if they viewed it as the product of a different religion and, to some extent, even culture.

For practicing catholics, nearly all celebrations have a religious aspect, so it takes more than a prayer of thanskgiving to make a civic feastday a religious one.

If nearly all celebrations have a religious aspect, that supports rather than refutes my argument; it means Thanksgiving would almost inevitably be a religious holiday even were it not explicitly declared one (though the fact it was certainly drives home the point.)

That means Sweden has over three times as many federally sanctioned Christian holidays as the US and Canada do. Which is a touch bizarre.

Yes and no Joel. Nothing is ever static. For many centuries our ancestors have lived in a world were barely any feastday or celebration was devoid of religious aspects. That's especially true for Catholics. That article you link to about Christmas overlooked one very important aspect. It takes seriously the "savant calculations", as if it was an happy coincidence that they arrived at the winter solstice as Christ's birthday (and that it just happened to fall when there wasn't a big Roman festival). It tries to detach the early church, and the writers of the gospels, completely from the "mentality" of paganism, when Matthew especially has very strong mythological elements and sensibility, especially about Christ's birth and infancy. As if these saw religion and symbolism the way modern, post-Rationalism christians do. A great deal of scholars would disagree with that, pointing out that to people of that time, it wasn't conceivable that something as important of a god's birth could happen at a time of the year that wasn't astronomically significant, surely God would have seen to that. The cynics would tell you it was all bad faith and intentional manipulation from the Church, this absorption of pagan feastdays etc., but from all I've read, the truth would be more that the early and medieval Church denied the pagan gods and beliefs, but beliefs in the importance of astrological phenomenons, and their symbolic nature, was still part of the mentality. They did not sanctify a spring with a saint merely to eradicate the pagan beliefs attached to it, they did it in good faith: that power existed but had to come from the Christian God (yes, down the line it became more manipulative, there's plenty of invented saints who are local deities in disguise and all, but not at first). It's not coincidence Christmas was set at the time of the year when daylight starts to grow again (no more than it's a coincidence the Imperial power instituted a rival solar festival later) - the early church still had the mentality and sensibility for such symbolism (the other big mistake is thinking that the other religions were all "primitive" and devoid of complex metaphysics). The bible and the gospels (esp. Matthew) are rife with mythological elements and symbolism - the very same ones found in many mythologies - garden of eden, flood, virgin birth, guiding star, etc., only the christian literalists are still blind to that (and IMO it's largely because christian culture has so long and harshly rejected older cults that it's blinded itself for a long time to their common elements, perceives that admitting to the presence of mythological elements would undermine or invalidate the Christian doctrine, as if the real revolution of christianity wasn't in Christ's message itself). The catholic church has always got a much greater sensibility for the importance of symbols and rituals, but nowadays in the more progressive parishes, you'd see priests far keener on explaining the symbolism and how it fits with Christ's message (they never say out loud "it's just symbolic", though) than merely reading the texts or presenting literal interpretations.

That is actually my view of much pagan mythology, particularly those involving miraculously born and resurrected saviors. The orthodox Christian view is that the pertinent parts of the gospel were no secret centuries or even millennia before the birth of Christ, only obscured by so much figurative language and general ignorance of future specifics they were impossible to comprehend. Hence the common reference to Genesis 3:15 as the "Protoevangelium;" if one accepts it as valid, all other miraculously born and resurrected saviors must be subsequent to it, and have a convenient explanation: The most obvious details were preserved but the substantive meaning increasingly lost as sin made the relationship between God and man (if any) increasingly distant.

All that said, if one values the civil and filial celebration and symbolism but opposes the religious aspects, the natural and logical response is to preserve the former as something more palatable than the latter. Sweden replacing one of its religious holidays with a secular one held on the same date is a fine example, the kind of thing I expect to be more common; the only strange thing is that they and similar countries have not done it more.

In many ways, some societies have entered a post-christian era, where the place of religion is at least far more in the personal/private realm than the public one (far more so than it the US. Even a political leader referring to his personal beliefs or uttering "God Bless Canada" would be badly perceived by a large part of the nation, and when a US president do it it's perceived negatively here). But those societies all originate from centuries of christian tradition and heritage, and not only that but many of the feastdays are rooted in older practices, and often correspond to times of the year that were always meaningful to humans. As much as Christianity has declined in many places (at least in civic life), people wouldn't just stand for rejections of feastdays that have always carried more meaning or associated traditions that just with religion. And waning of some christian practices doesn't equal antagonism toward them. Even here antagonism is far more against the clergy or church hierarchy than it ever was about the beliefs. In other times fervor would have been strong enough to create a protestant church, but this happened to late and people just deserted the Church, became non denominational or simply lapsed. Many are atheists, but there's never been any militant current, just a push toward secularims. So the feastdays remain, it's just that their religious meaning evaporates slowly or fast. The feastdays that have vanished are the religious one not recognized as holidays by the government (we probably would have had as many as Scandinavia even today if Catholicims had ever been encouraged rather than just tolerated in Canada). At the moment, they're not replaced by anything else, so the christian names remain. No one considers replacing Christmas, like for instance Québec has replaced the Canadian federal holiday celebrating Queen Victoria by a feastday celebrating the Patriots of the 1837-38 rebellion.

That sounds more like a post-organized religion era than a post-Christian one. Our native countries made conscious efforts to avoid the traumas of Europes religious wars (which I personally think another example of Europe learning the wrong lesson from its psychic scarring: Not that people should not kill each other in Gods name, but that belief in God should be discouraged because it inevitably leads to killing.)

Still and so, my response is much the same: If non-religious people wish to retain non-religious aspects of religious holidays, there is nothing to stop them, but is inexplicable to think of them retaining the religious aspects they dislike. Again, North America is actually a good example of that (I have not checked the state holidays in South America,) but what is odd is that North American countries are significantly more religious (privately and publicly) than Western European ones, but have far less explicitly religious holidays. One would expect the most religious nations to have the most religious holidays, and the least so to have the least, but the reverse is true. The latter could easily continue enjoying the secular pleasures of those holidays and retain them as state holidays without the religious aspects to which most are indifferent when they are not actively hostile—yet, with the single exception of Sweden converting one religious holiday to a secular one, none have done so.

What about giving things up for Lent? Sounds like there may have been multiple factors (just the impression of a guy who did not know what Advent candles were two years ago. :P)


Not sure what you mean by your comment about Lent. Aside from old fashioned christians, there's only the "New Age" health trend of using that time of the year to fast to clean out toxins before spring :). It's all a christianization of that period of the year leading to Easter and the rebirth of nature, when resources became really scarce and only the return of spring would remedy that. It's again no coincidence the feast associated with the central mystery and message of Christianity, resurection, was celebrated with the return of spring. Carnival, mardi-gras etc. pre-date christianity. It's also a period of fast or restrictions in pre-christian cultures, often not by choice (especially not in northern nations). Mardi-gras is but a last big feast before the hard month of scarcity before hens lay eggs again, cow produced milk, baby animals got born, veggies returned etc. Lent is just a christian integration, adding deeper layers of meanings, of that reality everyone lived with before the modern refrigerator! There wasn't another period of the year that resonated nearly as profoundly and symbolically with Resurrection.

Those things are more deeply ingrained in human nature than most realize, it's really not suprising it naturally found its way into our religious practices, that religions merely sought to ritualize them more and give them deeper meaning still. I've seen another manifestation of that with the recent protests around here. They are inspired by Chilean's protests - an historian suggested people should do that on Twitter (it's mild civil disobedience) and within days people in their thousands were doing it and it keeps growing each night, yet over the days they've naturally morphed into very ancient patterns of symbolic inversions of social structures in order to mock and protest authorities - the very same patterns you see in medieval carnivals, like old grandmas following the lead of young children - and I'm sure 99% of participants don't even realize this (and it's that kind of things that came to frighten the Church in the middle-Ages). And it took historians to point out a few days later that such charivaris, with people coming out of their homes and making tons of noise with pans and such, used to be the most widespread form of pacific protest against the English authorities through the Lower Canada era, especially strong during the 1837-38 rebellions (not against anglophones who were also among the Patriots, no more than the current protest is in any way against Canada, and that's kind of new here) We didn't even know that, yet we returned to the practice thinking it was something new and foreign. Sure, rationally it returned via Chili and a history teacher, but it felt oddly natural :) The Right of course finds all this stupid, noisy, and childish, pointless and annoying, but they miss the point it what it's supposed to be.

Fair enough then; I had not read or thought of Lenten fasts as an austerity measure in the last months of winter, but it makes sense on that basis.

Well, as a non-denominational Christian I do not wholly disagree (if nothing else, every day is supposed to be the Sabbath for practicing Christians; not like one gets the day off from Christianity the rest of the year.) However, in those cases it is really just a question of how many people ignore the religious basis of inherently religious holidays they still celebrate without revering. Insisting religious holidays must entail religious observance, and nothing else, is how we wound up with fundies screaming about the "war on Christmas."

Sure, though like I said, I think you overlook a bit too much the anthropolical aspects, and the weight of traditions. People have attached all kind of other aspects to many of those feastdays - your thanksgiving traditionally bring families together for instance. It's not a denial that for long those feasts had religious aspects, or strong religious meaning, it's just that this meaning is waning, just like pagan/antique meanings have waned rather than disappeared overnight as Christian culture gained strenght.

I am unsure how much it is waning in the States, but when it wanes to the point of being negligible, and when many, even most, are antagonistic toward religion, it seems almost inevitable that they would retain what they dislike and expel what they dislike. The biggest argument that religious holidays remain just that is that they retain their religious basis even when many or even most do not subscribe to the religion: They accept the religious holiday for its non-religious elements DESPITE its continued religious ones. They do not alter it to a purely secular observance; we annually hear the fundamentalist right bewailing a "war on Christmas," but there is very little evidence for it outside their claims, despite many non-Christians observing the holiday to varying degrees. Non-Christians are content to enjoy the non-religious elements while leaving it very much a religious holiday.

If most people celebrating an explicitly religious holiday are non-religious, it just means they are not religious; that does not change the holidays nature.

Ah but yes, it does. I'm pretty sure you need to be non-religious to fully understand how it changes an holiday's nature, though. I'm sure a christian can understand it rationally, but not really experience it. For example, Christmas has a lot of meaning in our family, just not connected anymore to Christian concepts (though a lot of my values and ethics are Christian), but it's much more than merely "having fun" together. The time of the year influences that, if not in a pagan/deist way. I don't know honestly if that owes more to growing older or if it's removing all the christian symbolism that eventually made the rest more obvious/present again.

Well, were I to become a Norwegian citizen I could still enjoy July 4th, too, but that would not change its basis; much of that enjoyment would still stem from having BEEN an American citizen even though I were one no longer. Millions of Americans using Cinco de Mayo and St. Patricks Day to be drunken fools does not alter the nature of those holidays either; it just makes many of the celebrants ignorant when they are not downright insulting. If a lot of your values and ethics remain Christian, so does a lot of your Christmas, by tradition and habit if not observance and adherence. There is nothing wrong with preserving those elements for their own sake, but why needlessly invoke a deity when one is indifferent, at best? Indeed, you have amply cited many examples of earlier Christians retaining or even adopting non-religious aspects of holidays henceforth observed as Christian ones: They kept what they liked, including the dates, but in a holiday divorced from beliefs they rejected and incorporated into those they accepted.

Again, I think it not only inaccurate to say Christmas (et al.) are no longer religious, but dangerous. It gives undue weight to alarmist cries of war on Christmas (and by extension Christianity, the allegations real point,) that secularists/pagans are "stealing" our holiday in a covert assault upon our faith.

Personally, I am a bit uncomfortable with even the two state religious holidays America has, though Thanksgiving is not a big deal, because non-sectarian. The whole issue could be avoided by simply adopting the state mandated vacation days standard in every other industrialized state. People would have ample days off to devote to any religious observance they chose, or none. That is a far more democratic arrangement than telling those of all religions or none the government and most businesses WILL be closed for the holy day of one religion, but they must come to work on the holiest days of their religion if they do not happen to subscribe to that the state endorses. In many cases, it would only standardize and make universal the practice already common in many businesses, and nearly universal now for government employees.
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For Our Nordmenn: What Happens to Federal Religious Holidays in the Absence of a State Church? - 27/05/2012 01:33:20 PM 1032 Views
Nothing, they are federal holidays still because of strong unions, not religion - 27/05/2012 06:58:52 PM 457 Views
Hypocrisy FTW, eh? - 27/05/2012 11:04:38 PM 603 Views
No. - 27/05/2012 11:16:11 PM 425 Views
Nothing. - 27/05/2012 07:03:07 PM 416 Views
Replacing it with another, secular, holiday seems the responsible thing to do. - 27/05/2012 11:15:11 PM 382 Views
People. Don't. Care. - 27/05/2012 11:29:07 PM 449 Views
Most of them are stolen from heden traditions and have nothing to do with christianity. - 27/05/2012 07:15:55 PM 625 Views
It's all about watching Kalle Anka and Karl-Bertil Jonsson - 27/05/2012 07:40:45 PM 466 Views
YES! *NM* - 27/05/2012 10:48:06 PM 439 Views
Thanksgiving isn't a religious holiday. - 27/05/2012 08:43:58 PM 493 Views
That is rather debatable. - 28/05/2012 12:08:53 AM 541 Views
The Distinction - 29/05/2012 07:41:47 PM 503 Views
How do you come to four for Canada? - 27/05/2012 11:29:57 PM 386 Views
Because I counted Thankgiving, and holidays for federal employees rather than just statutory ones. - 28/05/2012 02:03:55 AM 537 Views
Re: Because I counted Thankgiving, and holidays for federal employees rather... - 28/05/2012 04:31:14 AM 449 Views
Well, you know better than I, but I found the 1580s date interesting. - 28/05/2012 04:08:31 PM 612 Views
Re: Well, you no better than I, but I found the 1580s date interesting. - 29/05/2012 01:15:52 AM 434 Views
I was referring to the Wikipedia article I linked. - 01/06/2012 03:34:11 AM 529 Views
This succession of two long weekends is rather nice, yes. - 28/05/2012 01:41:05 AM 412 Views
I think Grunnlovsdagen ate Ascension Day. - 28/05/2012 02:57:27 AM 515 Views
It's funny how you use "federal" to mean "mandated by national government". - 28/05/2012 03:49:17 PM 423 Views
I was thinking more "central" government, but OK. - 28/05/2012 04:26:38 PM 454 Views
Re: I was thinking more "central" government, but OK. - 28/05/2012 04:50:32 PM 421 Views
Re: I was thinking more "central" government, but OK. - 01/06/2012 02:03:40 AM 608 Views
I think you've got the Scotland Act backwards. - 01/06/2012 09:48:36 AM 531 Views
I did, though the practical effect is much the same. - 01/06/2012 08:41:03 PM 521 Views
There's a lot of countries that call "devolution" federalism, though. - 01/06/2012 09:52:23 PM 519 Views
What about when most of the country is still under central control? - 02/06/2012 10:25:47 AM 424 Views
I wasn't saying the UK is a normal federal country. - 02/06/2012 10:17:08 PM 472 Views
There is a Campaign for an English Parliament. - 03/06/2012 10:12:21 AM 404 Views

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