Several articles on this, here's the one from <a href="http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2012/06/the-greatdark-energy-debate-does-the-mysterious-anti-gravitaional-force-driving-the-universe-apart-e.html">Daily Galaxy</a> but here's the summary: For a little over a decade now we've been pretty sure the Universe is not just expanding, as we've known for nearly a century, but actually accelerating it's rate of expansion. The mysterious hypothetical thing powering this has been dubbed 'Dark Energy' and we've got basically no information on it besides effect and some various theories. The new theory detailed in the article doesn't object to the expansion, but does object to the acceleration. They believe Dark Energy is non-existent and that the apparent acceleration is caused by Time itself slowing down. And it's interesting stuff.
Okay, the stuff below in blue is a quick thumbnail on special and general relativity and Dark Energy, skip it if you're real comfortable with those:
Now, just to quickly go over known ways to slow time, there are basically 2, both dating to Einstein. The first, from Special Relativity, holds that at very high speeds, relative to an observer, your time will appear to pass more slowly. You on the other hand will see them having time pass more slowly. That is basically SR in a nutshell, velocity is distance divided by time, miles per hour, feet per second, etc, and so either distance or time must change, but you can't be aware of time changing for yourself. This is actually how we observe a lot of really short-lived particles, we get them up to such an absurdly high fraction of light speed, like 99.99999%, that they seem to live longer and we can observe them... though for them the distance from the point of their creation to the detector is actually what shrinks. Both are true, and that's Special Relativity, time slows at high velocities. General Relativity has time slow from very high accelerations or gravity, indeed the core concept of GR is that there is no difference between the two. If you take two synchronized atomic clocks sitting on the middle shelf of a bookcase, and move one down a shelf and the other up, the lower one will actually have less time pass because it is deeper into Earth's gravity well, your feet have time pass more slowly than your head, though the difference is absurdly minuscule.
Wanted to cover both of those real quick, now in this context, for this theory, it's GR that interests us. The concept behind an expanding universe - accelerating or not, is gravity, which should be dragging things back together. The Big Crunch concept which was considered until the late 90's one of the 3 possible Death Scenarios for the Universe postulated that gravity might be strong enough to drag things back eventually, that the Universe expanded in the same way a rocket flies into the sky, it eventually falls back down... or it falls into a steady orbit [not big crunch but eventual static size] or it leaves orbit never to return [eternal expansion] and none of these assumed acceleration, that of course would require monstrous amounts of energy, as Newton knew, you want to accelerate something you have to shove it along. Since the Universe appears to be doing just that, speeding up it's expansion, it needs energy to do this and we deem that 'Dark Energy'. Now we're up to date.
As mentioned, GR says that acceleration and gravity are basically identical, so there's the first ????, where there is acceleration going on time should be slowing down. The theory points out that if you can't find a force doing this, then it might be time itself slowing down and producing an apparent acceleration, uniform in all directions as we observe, because as we know, the further out in space you look the further back in time you look and if time is slowing down then it should be running faster everywhere we're looking and faster the further out you look.
So, summary complete. If you actually skipped that review then you probably guessed the basics of the theory from the title anyway so I hardly need go on
Incidentally I've gone over a few articles on this today, and none mention this idea was actually brought up by the principal scientist about two years ago so it isn't brand new. Mostly just wanted it out there since it seems to have hit major papers today. It's certainly an interesting idea, Lord knows I despise Dark Energy though I'm hardly willing to jump on board with this one either. To say this would, if true, have some amusing/irritating consequences would be an understatement. One thing I feel obliged to stress, before anyone gets into philosophizing about this, is that you can never measure time slowing down for yourself, or anything with you in that same effected region [reference frame], though you can detect it in other things or by some reciprocal effect, like light blue or red shifting or in this context, presumably, generating an apparent acceleration.
So enjoy, much of the theory involves String Theory and I'm not a fan of it [not an opponent, just not a fan] so I'm not even going into that aspect of it. And here's another article on the subject, different source, same stuff.
Okay, the stuff below in blue is a quick thumbnail on special and general relativity and Dark Energy, skip it if you're real comfortable with those:
Now, just to quickly go over known ways to slow time, there are basically 2, both dating to Einstein. The first, from Special Relativity, holds that at very high speeds, relative to an observer, your time will appear to pass more slowly. You on the other hand will see them having time pass more slowly. That is basically SR in a nutshell, velocity is distance divided by time, miles per hour, feet per second, etc, and so either distance or time must change, but you can't be aware of time changing for yourself. This is actually how we observe a lot of really short-lived particles, we get them up to such an absurdly high fraction of light speed, like 99.99999%, that they seem to live longer and we can observe them... though for them the distance from the point of their creation to the detector is actually what shrinks. Both are true, and that's Special Relativity, time slows at high velocities. General Relativity has time slow from very high accelerations or gravity, indeed the core concept of GR is that there is no difference between the two. If you take two synchronized atomic clocks sitting on the middle shelf of a bookcase, and move one down a shelf and the other up, the lower one will actually have less time pass because it is deeper into Earth's gravity well, your feet have time pass more slowly than your head, though the difference is absurdly minuscule.
Wanted to cover both of those real quick, now in this context, for this theory, it's GR that interests us. The concept behind an expanding universe - accelerating or not, is gravity, which should be dragging things back together. The Big Crunch concept which was considered until the late 90's one of the 3 possible Death Scenarios for the Universe postulated that gravity might be strong enough to drag things back eventually, that the Universe expanded in the same way a rocket flies into the sky, it eventually falls back down... or it falls into a steady orbit [not big crunch but eventual static size] or it leaves orbit never to return [eternal expansion] and none of these assumed acceleration, that of course would require monstrous amounts of energy, as Newton knew, you want to accelerate something you have to shove it along. Since the Universe appears to be doing just that, speeding up it's expansion, it needs energy to do this and we deem that 'Dark Energy'. Now we're up to date.
As mentioned, GR says that acceleration and gravity are basically identical, so there's the first ????, where there is acceleration going on time should be slowing down. The theory points out that if you can't find a force doing this, then it might be time itself slowing down and producing an apparent acceleration, uniform in all directions as we observe, because as we know, the further out in space you look the further back in time you look and if time is slowing down then it should be running faster everywhere we're looking and faster the further out you look.
So, summary complete. If you actually skipped that review then you probably guessed the basics of the theory from the title anyway so I hardly need go on

So enjoy, much of the theory involves String Theory and I'm not a fan of it [not an opponent, just not a fan] so I'm not even going into that aspect of it. And here's another article on the subject, different source, same stuff.
Remember when I said concluding accelerating expansion from red shifts may be unreliable because it requires accurately understanding their cause? It should be clear from that I find this theory far more appealingly plausible than conceiving a wholly new but otherwise undetectable force to account for what may simply be an observer artifact. Not that that makes either theory valid, hence people far more knowledgeable than I are well paid to investigate the legitimacy of both, while keeping their eyes open for even more likely explanations.
That said, and with the extent of my ignorance in mind, I would not be so sure the "death of time" (a catchphrase whose ubiquity you must gleefully anticipate...

Of course, reducing time to simply another physical dimension largely invalidates such concepts anyway. The universes variable three dimensional shape would then not be so variable at all, but simply a function of its four dimensional shape. When we move from the top to the bottom of a champagne bottle we do not say it shrank or changed shape; it remains the same size and shape as ever, but is simply wider at the bottom than at the top. The real question is more of metaphysics than physics: Is change itself an artifact? Put another way, since we measure change by time, is saying time is changing a meaningless statement? Ascribing it to yet higher physical dimensions would only postpone (and complicate) the problem. The only logical solution I can see is an infinite number of physical dimensions, spawned by the phenomenon of change itself.
At that point we have obviously abandoned purely natural philosophy as inherently and hopelessly subjective. Note that, having accepted your stated qualifier two decades ago, I feel completely entitled to engage in the philosophizing against which you cautioned.

Honorbound and honored to be Bonded to Mahtaliel Sedai
Last First in wotmania Chat
Slightly better than chocolate.
Love still can't be coerced.
Please Don't Eat the Newbies!
LoL. Be well, RAFOlk.
Last First in wotmania Chat
Slightly better than chocolate.
Love still can't be coerced.
Please Don't Eat the Newbies!

LoL. Be well, RAFOlk.
New Theory proposes alternative to Dark Energy in favor of Time running out
19/06/2012 01:59:31 AM
- 967 Views
Does this have any implications regarding heat death? *NM*
19/06/2012 02:58:39 AM
- 192 Views
Oh, I see. It will just be timeless. *NM*
19/06/2012 02:59:28 AM
- 186 Views
It would more or less amount to the same thing anyway
19/06/2012 03:07:09 AM
- 566 Views
"A lukewarm homogeneous thin vacuum where nothing meaningful can occur."
30/06/2012 10:06:43 PM
- 449 Views
I don't like the theory of dark energy, either, but how do you account for the bending of light?
19/06/2012 03:08:03 PM
- 446 Views
Unlesss you're talking about Sachs-Wolfe Effect I think you mean Dark Matter
19/06/2012 03:59:03 PM
- 651 Views
Yes. That is what I meant.
19/06/2012 08:14:53 PM
- 412 Views
Well, again, Dark Matter & Dark Energy aren't all that related, there's Dark Fluid, Dark Flow, etc
19/06/2012 09:24:44 PM
- 646 Views
Your subtle reminder I yet owe you a few responses?
19/06/2012 09:35:25 PM
- 670 Views

NSSP_ I would just like to say this has been the BEST POST of rafo history. short as it may be. *NM*
07/07/2012 12:08:03 AM
- 181 Views
Wow, thanks, and I would just like to say it's great to hear a post of mine refered to as 'short'
*NM*
07/07/2012 12:26:45 AM
- 176 Views
