It is an interesting question - he started at the Once/ Liberty Seguros which got pretty mired in doping and refused to give a DNA sample to clear his name over Operation Puerto, then rode under Bruyneel (now under investigation in the US for administering and trafficking assorted PEDs) before getting banned (not for deliberate doping, though WADA were pretty angry over how CAS sidelined their expert witness who was central to their case and the issue of him supposedly having plasticizers in his blood sample. Plus his biological passport was supposedly showing results that were unusual to say the least) and next up has the Bjarne Riis directed Saxobank team.

Of course it is pretty difficult in cycling to avoid links to people with pasts linked to doping, given how wide spread it was. He's one of a number of riders where it might well never be known if he was clean or not and for how much of his career if he was doping.

Of course if he was doping for most or all of his career, it might well be that he still will be when he comes back - he might have just learnt to be more careful, rather than doping is wrong.