This is explored in a decent piece of fan-fiction called "Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality". In it, Petunia is married to an Oxford professor, and she's one too, and they adopt Harry and are very loving parents. Harry is a boy genius who, by the age of 11, knows quite a bit about the scientific method, rationality, psychology, genetics and physics. So when he finds out he's a wizard, he goes to Hogwarts intent on figuring out the physics of magic. Much hilarity follows, as Harry and his super intelligent rival/best friend Hermione try doing precisely that.

It isn't flawless, but certainly a cool exploration of the world.