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Most Everything You Learned About Thanksgiving Is Wrong The Shrike Send a noteboard - 21/11/2017 03:23:22 PM

Most Everything You Learned About Thanksgiving Is Wrong

By MAYA SALAM

Not to rain on our Thanksgiving Day parade, but the story of the first Thanksgiving, as most Americans have been taught it, is not exactly accurate.

Blame school textbooks with details often so abridged, softened or out of context that they are rendered false; children’s books that distill the story to its most pleasant version; or animated Thanksgiving television specials like “The Mouse on the Mayflower,” which first aired in 1968, that not only misinformed a generation, but also enforced a slew of cringeworthy stereotypes.

High school textbooks are particularly bad about stating absolutes because these materials “teach history” by giving students facts to memorize even when the details may be unclear, said James W. Loewen, a sociologist and the author of “Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong.”

“That mind-set pervades everything they talk about and certainly Thanksgiving,” he said.

The timeline is relative.

The Mayflower did bring the Pilgrims to North America from Plymouth,
England, in 1620, and they disembarked at what is now Plymouth, Mass., where they set up a colony. In 1621, they celebrated a successful harvest with a three-day gathering that was attended by members of the Wampanoag tribe. It’s from this that we derive Thanksgiving as we know it.

But it wasn’t until the 1830s that this event was called the first Thanksgiving by New Englanders who looked back and thought it resembled their version of the holiday, said Kate Sheehan, a spokeswoman for Plimouth Plantation, a living history museum in Plymouth.

The holiday wasn’t made official until 1863, when President Abraham Lincoln declared it as a kind of thank you for the Civil War victories in Vicksburg, Miss., andGettysburg, Pa.

Beyond that, claiming it was the “first Thanksgiving” isn’t quite right either as both Native American and European societies had been holding festivals to celebrate harvests for centuries, Mr. Loewen said.

A prevalent opposing viewpoint is that the first Thanksgiving stemmed from the massacre of Pequot people in 1637, a culmination of the Pequot War. While it is true that a day of thanksgiving was noted in the Massachusetts Bay and the Plymouth colonies afterward, it is not accurate to say it was the basis for our modern Thanksgiving, Ms. Sheehan said.

And Plymouth, Mr. Loewen noted, was already a village with clear fields and a spring when the Pilgrims found it. “A lovely place to settle,” he said. “Why was it available? Because every single native person who had been living there was a corpse.” Plagues had wiped them out.

It wasn’t just about religious freedom.

It’s been taught that the Pilgrims came because they were seeking religious freedom, but that’s not entirely true, Mr. Loewen said.

The Pilgrims had religious freedom in Holland, where they first arrived in the early 17th century. Like those who settled Jamestown, Va., in 1607, the Pilgrims came to North America to make money, Mr. Loewen said.


“They were also coming here in order to establish a religious theocracy, which they did,” he said. “That’s not exactly the same as coming here for religious freedom. It’s kind of coming here against religious freedom.”

Also, the Pilgrims never called themselves Pilgrims. They were separatists, Mr. Loewen said. The term Pilgrims didn’t surface until around 1880.

There’s no evidence that native people were invited.

Possibly the most common misconception is that the Pilgrims extended an
invitation to the Native Americans for helping them reap the harvest. The truth of how they all ended up feasting together is unknown.

“The English-written record does not mention an invitation, and Wampanoag oral tradition does not seem to reach back to this event,” Ms. Sheehan said. But there are reasons the Wampanoag leader could have been there, she said, adding: “His people had been planting on the other side of the brook from the colony. Another possibility is that after his harvest was gathered, he was making diplomatic calls.”

It is true that the celebration was an exceptional cross-cultural moment, with food, games and prayer. The deadly conflicts that came after, though, created an undercurrent that is glossed over, Mr. Loewen said. Still, “we might as well take shards of fairness and idealism and so on whenever we find them in our past and recognize that and give credit to them,” he said.

The role of Squanto is complicated.

Tisquantum, known as Squanto, did play a large role in helping the Pilgrims, as American children are taught. His people, the Patuxet, a band of the Wampanoag tribe, had lived on the site where the Pilgrims settled. When they arrived, he became a translator for them in diplomacy and trade with other native people, and showed them the most effective method for planting corn and the best locations to fish, Ms. Sheehan said.

That’s usually where the lesson ends, but that’s just a fraction of his story. He was captured by the English in 1614 and later sold into slavery in Spain. He spent several years in England, where he learned English. He returned to New England in 1619, only to find his entire Patuxet tribe dead from smallpox. He met the Pilgrims in March 1621.

There was no turkey or pie.

There was no mention of turkey being at the 1621 bounty, and there was
definitely no pie. Settlers lacked butter and wheat flour for a crust, and they had no oven for baking. What is known is that the Pilgrims harvested crops and that the Wampanoag brought five deer. If fowl graced the table, it was probably duck or goose. The menu may have also included cornmeal, pumpkin, succotash and cranberries. There were no sweet potatoes in North America at the time. Contrary to popular depictions, there were about 90 native people in attendance, almost double the number of Pilgrims by some accounts.

Some food for thought - and calorie free!! I think between Junior High School and Highschool I might have gotten maybe half a day about the history of Thanksgiving. It's not that it was unimportant but that there were more important things to learn about. Colonial history was a good couple months and there was a lot to pack in, especially looking at the multiple founding sites - Jamestown, New Amsterdam, Plymouth, etc (Yes, there was definitely a NorthWestern European colonies focus with only St Augustine outside of British/French/Dutch colonies getting a brief mention).

Most everything I picked up about Thanksgiving, I learned through pop culture - like A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving or watching Friends episodes.

How about you? Where did you get your Thanksgiving knowledge? At the end of the day, it really is about family, food, and fun/football. It's a good holiday for celebrating the wonders of carbs.

Gobble Gobble
This message last edited by The Shrike on 21/11/2017 at 03:26:00 PM
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Most Everything You Learned About Thanksgiving Is Wrong - 21/11/2017 03:23:22 PM 1092 Views
Where did I get my Thanksgiving knowledge? - 21/11/2017 04:30:28 PM 549 Views
Hmmm. Grade school social studies. - 21/11/2017 05:25:16 PM 507 Views
I'm so glad they didn't eat turkey - it gives me more ammunition when I refuse to eat turkey - 21/11/2017 05:19:04 PM 538 Views
I didn't eat a turkey for Thanksgiving until my 20s. Growing up it was either goose or duck. - 21/11/2017 05:24:35 PM 512 Views
It causes issues every year - 21/11/2017 08:29:56 PM 582 Views
Just lie and tell them you've become vegetarian. - 22/11/2017 12:55:08 AM 524 Views
That would be worse! - 22/11/2017 05:04:57 PM 521 Views
Perfect. - 22/11/2017 09:51:13 PM 548 Views
As long as i get pumpkin pie and football I'm happy - 21/11/2017 06:30:29 PM 516 Views
So you're a Pumpkin Pie person. - 21/11/2017 07:33:13 PM 507 Views
A month later we celebrate a much more fraudulent holiday - 22/11/2017 02:01:33 AM 559 Views
So what you're saying is that European Christians - 22/11/2017 02:17:07 AM 538 Views
It's a recurring theme of history - 22/11/2017 01:44:21 PM 533 Views
Wait...Jesus wasn't an Aryan? Why would the Führer ever lie to me? - 22/11/2017 05:07:55 PM 548 Views
I would have liked to have seen some of those pictures. - 22/11/2017 11:10:11 PM 546 Views
It's been around since at least 1965 and is still in print. - 22/11/2017 11:29:57 PM 607 Views
Ancient Greeks also had more blond hair based on descriptions. - 23/11/2017 01:42:02 PM 518 Views
Supposedly the light hair and blue eyes led to speculation - 23/11/2017 02:20:17 PM 549 Views
Romans, too. Caesar & Sulla IIRC - 24/11/2017 06:17:34 PM 515 Views
I don't remember anything I learned about Thanksgiving, so that's probably fine. - 22/11/2017 08:21:16 AM 788 Views
Well now you've become British. - 22/11/2017 12:37:47 PM 528 Views
A place in the New World where they could worship according to their own beliefs... and solve crimes *NM* - 22/11/2017 04:50:34 PM 321 Views
They had it made. - 22/11/2017 09:50:12 PM 493 Views
Everything? - 22/11/2017 05:21:05 PM 593 Views
"Most Everything" - 22/11/2017 09:49:37 PM 653 Views
Woe - 28/11/2017 03:20:15 PM 490 Views
This post is dark sided! - 23/11/2017 05:37:40 AM 652 Views
- 23/11/2017 01:43:55 PM 496 Views
I'm pretty sure most things anyone learns about anything are wrong. - 27/11/2017 03:39:16 PM 835 Views

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