Honor is just a way of getting people to cooperate. In general the two types of people who are most likely to have a code of honor are aristocrats and barbarians, two groups who lack enforcable authority over them. In general, those sorts of people can't be compelled to obey an imposed legal code, or there are large areas in which the legal code and highest recognized authorities lack the power to act, and thus there are honor codes to fill in the gaps so they cooperate for the general pragmatic functioning of society. They give such weight to concepts like face, because that is the only thing keeping the membership in line. You can't really force a powerful shogun to comply on small issues, so you use concepts like face and honor to encourage self-policing.

This is more a revelation of your prejudices than anything else. Barbarian societies tend to be much more individualistic, and honor-bound cultures are also more conservative and individualistic than others. Totalitarian states don't recognize traditional value systems, especially honor codes (there was nothing like that in the USSR or Red China, and the most honor-bound segment of German society, the military & Junker classes, were among the most intransigent opponents of Hitler, as were other traditionalists and conservatives, like clergy who were bucking Hitler's racial improvement agenda long before the Jews started being rounded up). In your mind, societies with aristocratic institutions don't respect the inherent dignity of individuals, but NO ONE did that universally. They accorded that respect to their own, and others when practical, but for the most part, pragmatic necessity made such considerations academic. If you were going to hit someone with a chunk of metal because only one of you could keep that vital piece of territory, respecting his dignity and equal value as a human being is a fatuous conceit.

In my experience, these people are EXACTLY like religious extremists. You can line up their arguments and criticisms precisely, if you just change the terminology. Taboos and anathemas and shibboleths are simply applied differently. They squabble over points of doctrine, and condemn others for heresies, or as infidels. Your not sharing in their values or beliefs is simply not accepted by these people, nor do they bother to provide rational explanations or justifications of their value system, merely moral imperatives. I have absolutely NEVER been given a rational reason why personal discrimination on racial or sexual grounds is wrong. I get explanations that it is against the law...but so was being gay or Jewish in other times and places. No one has EVER given me ANY reason, other than irrational moralistic dogma.
Democracy is a myth for the simplistic & uneducated.
But that is basically what Hillary Clinton is - group 1. She and her supporters merely use different forms of honor and face. Like, right now, Mayim Bialick is sei moisev for suggesting that women should dress more becomingly to help combat the objectification of their sex. Donna Karan lost face by sticking up for her friend Harvey Weinstein. People keep exepecting Donald Trump to make acts of atonement for his own violations of the honor code.

Donald Trump comes much closer to group 2, in his assumption that his opinion, as a straight white male is just as worthwhile as anyone else's and that he has a right to disagree and criticize whomever he feels is in the wrong, regardless of how upset a third rate quarterback feels about being the latest iteration of Tim Tebow, only less popular, but with sanctified black ancestry.

That's all fatuous nonsense. Fundamental truths don't change, and neither do people. All that changes are their circumstances, and the information on which they act.
One of the two main purposes of law and society is to deal with the existence of that, which is a constant in human society. The other main purpose being a mechanism of cooperating for survival.
Not as complicated as that sentence. What happens, is society fragments. You can't regroup or reconcile. MAYBE, you can get rid off the people with the aberrant value sytem, but it's not likely. Burn it down and start over from scratch is really the only way.