Its an interesting note on history, much as many think Columbus was trying to convince people the world was round not flat, when in reality they already thought so and would just telling him, truthfully, that it was round but larger than he thought, people have a notion about Copernicus and the like that they were trying to show conclusive evidence of how the Universe was to people who simply shook a bible at them. Not at all.
Just not sure about this part. While certainly for a while there was the Flat Earth Myth prevalent, with Copernicus et al, Galileo certainly had clashes with the Catholic church, with the church doctrine stating that at best Galileo's ideas were a good hypothesis to support calculations, but couldn't be presented as reality unless incontrovertible proof could be provided, as otherwise contradicted scripture which suggested the Earth didn't move.
In the end, while probably at least somewhat political in nature, Galileo was convicted of suspicion of heresy, and placed under house arrest.
So while I don't think they came up with and published their theories for the purpose of proving the church wrong, there were nevertheless clashes there, which didn't occur with Columbus.
Wasn't really getting at a science vs religion thing there so much as Hero of Reason vs Ignorant Morons concept. Columbus is an example, though a queer one since the notion he was arguing against Flat Earthers was essentially fabricated centuries after the fact from whole cloth. Columbus is portrayed as passionately arguing for reason while in reality he was just involved in a mild argument about his calculations being off, which was true. Certainly there are a lot of science vs religion examples, some rather exaggerated, some utterly untrue, and some spot on, but I was pointing out that these heated science and logic debates of the past were often as evenly matched in logic as they were in passion and the nominal morons/villains of the piece often raised entirely valid points while the 'winners' were often guilty of the most impressive handwaving and bad logic themselves. There were no violent clashes (literally or metaphorically) with Columbus and that's a fair point to raise but again wasn't really where I was aiming.
- Albert Einstein
King of Cairhien 20-7-2
Chancellor of the Landsraad, Archduke of Is'Mod