Of course, not better for all the women over the past fifty years who would've had to resort to illegal abortions - but if states had simply been allowed to set their own course on abortion, as they were starting to do in the years before Roe, probably the topic wouldn't have dominated American politics for all this time, the debate might not have gotten as extreme and probably the laws in many red states would have been less restrictive than they will be once this decision becomes final.

There's always two aspects to consider when comparing abortion laws between countries: first of course the headline number, until how many weeks abortion is allowed in general, but secondly also, under which conditions, if any, is abortion still permitted beyond the general cutoff date? Looking at the Mississippi law that led to this decision, it set the limit for elective abortion at 15 weeks which is later than most European countries - but many of those European countries may have various conditions that do actually allow abortion at 15 weeks, or even later. For instance, since you mentioned Germany, they allow abortion after 12 weeks not only for physical health reasons, but also mental health reasons - if the woman is absolutely traumatized by the pregnancy and determined not to bring it to term, but for whatever reason missed the 12 weeks window, she'll still be able to get it.

But yes, for the most part we do have stricter regulations than what is allowed by Roe/Casey - and in most countries though not all, abortion is hardly even a political topic at all anymore.

It doesn't look like it will be as much of a vote-getter as Democrats were hoping, in the short term - but in the longer term, if it means Republicans lose the automatic support of single-issue pro-life voters, it could certainly hurt them politically, yes. Unless they manage to string them along further by moving the goalposts and starting to look at, say, a constitutional amendment outlawing abortion nationwide - not that that would have a snowball's chance in hell of happening.

Yeah... except the system is pretty broken. As you pointed out above, there would be a clear majority of Americans in favour of some kind of European-type abortion law, allowing it up to a certain point. But with the way the Senate works, said clear majority would still never reach the 60 votes needed to actually pass that law.